Expenditure Modules

Modeling federal outlays across defense, other discretionary programs, and mandatory spending.

Social Security

Social Security expenditures are modeled through PWBM's dedicated Social Security Module, which provides highly detailed benefit projections using PWBM demographics.

Other Expenditures

Federal outlays encompass defense, other discretionary programs such as infrastructure, and mandatory programs such as Medicare. Starting from historical federal outlays as measured by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), this spending evolves in accordance with PWBM demographic and macroeconomic projections.

Mandatory spending distribution is derived from surveys such as the Current Population Survey (CPS), Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE), and Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID).

Mandatory Spending Programs

Agriculture
Child nutrition (WIC)
Children's Health Insurance Program
Civilian retirement
Deposit insurance
Family support and foster care (TANF)
FANNIE MAE & FREDDIE MAC
Higher education
Marketplace insurance subsidies
Medicare
Medicaid
Medicare-Eligible Retiree Health Care Fund (MERHCF)
Military retirement
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
Supplemental Security Income
Unemployment compensation
Veteran's benefits
Other mandatory programs